〜すぎる: Saying Something Is 'Too Much' (Meaning + Examples)

N5guideUpdated 2026-07-18

The quiet complaint baked into "too"

〜すぎる says that something goes beyond what is good or normal — "too ~" or "excessively ~." It usually carries a mild complaint or worry: 食べすぎた isn't just "I ate a lot," it's "I ate too much (and now I feel bad)." That faint negative tone is what separates it from a neutral "a lot." Whether you build it from a verb, an い-adjective, or a な-adjective, the finished word always behaves like a る-verb.

ヤッタンはケーキを食べすぎた。

ヤッタンは ケーキを たべすぎた。

Yattan ate too much cake.

食べる → 食べ + すぎた = ate too much.

このコーヒーは熱すぎます。

この コーヒーは あつすぎます。

This coffee is too hot.

熱い drops い → 熱 + すぎます.

先生の部屋は静かすぎる。

せんせいの へやは しずかすぎる。

The teacher's room is too quiet.

な-adjective stem 静か + すぎる.

Everything hinges on the stem you attach to

すぎる never bolts onto a whole word — it takes a stem and nothing more. Grab the right one, then add すぎる:

Word typeHow to formExample
Verbます-stem + すぎる食べます → 食べすぎる (eat too much)
Verbます-stem + すぎる飲みます → 飲みすぎる (drink too much)
い-adjectivedrop い + すぎる → 高すぎる (too expensive)
な-adjectivestem + すぎる静か → 静かすぎる (too quiet)
いい (irregular)よ + すぎるいい → よすぎる (too good)
ない (irregular)な + さ + すぎるない → なさすぎる (too few / not enough)

This is exactly where most errors happen. An い-adjective must surrender its い — 高すぎる, never ×高いすぎる, and 熱すぎる, never ×熱いすぎる. A verb hands over only its ます-stem, never the dictionary form — 食べすぎる, never ×食べるすぎる, and for う-verbs 飲む → 飲みすぎる, never ×飲むすぎる.

Once the stem is in place, すぎる itself is just a る-verb, so you conjugate the tail exactly like 食べる or 見る — and never as an adjective, so the negative is すぎない, never ×すぎくない:

FormPatternExample
Dictionaryすぎる食べすぎる
Pastすぎた食べすぎた (ate too much)
て-formすぎて食べすぎて (ate too much, and…)
Negativeすぎない食べすぎない (don't eat too much)
Politeすぎます食べすぎます

On verbs: doing something to excess

モチは昨日ゲームをしすぎた。

モチは きのう ゲームを しすぎた。

Mochi played games too much yesterday.

する → し + すぎた.

飲みすぎて、頭が痛いです。

のみすぎて、あたまが いたいです。

I drank too much, so my head hurts.

すぎて links to a result.

On adjectives: a quality pushed too far

このかばんは高すぎて買えない。

この かばんは たかすぎて かえない。

This bag is too expensive, so I can't buy it.

高い → 高すぎて.

ヤッタンの弟は元気すぎる。

ヤッタンの おとうとは げんきすぎる。

Yattan's little brother is too energetic.

な-adjective 元気 + すぎる.

よすぎる and なさすぎる: the two you just memorize

いい ("good") doesn't stay as いい — it switches to its older form first, giving よすぎる ("too good"), never ×いいすぎる. And ない adds an extra さ to become なさすぎる ("too little / not enough"). Everything else conjugates predictably, so these are the only two worth committing to memory:

この問題はヤッタンには難しすぎる。

この もんだいは ヤッタンには むずかしすぎる。

This problem is too difficult for Yattan.

モチは野菜を食べる量が少なすぎる。

モチは やさいを たべる りょうが すくなすぎる。

Mochi eats far too few vegetables.

少ない → 少なすぎる (regular). Compare ない → なさすぎる.

The essentials in one glance

Practice it

Choose the correct 〜すぎる form for each word type.

Question 1 / 5 · Score 0

___に入れるのに最もよいものを選びなさい。

Choose the grammar pattern that best completes the sentence.

このカツオの塩辛は塩辛___。

Frequently asked questions

How do I add すぎる to a verb?

Use the ます-stem (the part before ます) and add すぎる: 食べます → 食べすぎる ('eat too much'), 飲みます → 飲みすぎる ('drink too much'). Don't use the dictionary form.

What happens to an い-adjective?

Drop the final い, then add すぎる: 高い → 高すぎる ('too expensive'), 熱い → 熱すぎる ('too hot'). Keeping the い (高いすぎる) is a common error.

How do I say 'too good'?

いい is irregular — it becomes よすぎる, not いいすぎる. This matches the way いい turns into よ in other forms (よくない, よかった).

Is すぎる an adjective or a verb?

It's a る-verb. So you get すぎた (past), すぎて (て-form), and すぎない (negative) — for example 食べすぎた ('ate too much'). Never すぎくない.

By the Editorial Team · Last updated 2026-07-18

This guide is built on Yatta's own Japanese-grammar ontology and our analysis of every JLPT written question type — not scraped or auto-summarised. How we build our content & sources →

Where 〜すぎる fits

Shaky on this? Get these solid first

  • 〜ます · N5〜ます is the polite verb ending. Learn ます (non-past), ません (negative), ました (past), and ませんでした (past negative), how to build the stem, and when to be polite.

Don't confuse it with

  • 〜ほうがいい · N5〜ほうがいい gives advice: use the past (た) form for 'you should do X' (休んだほうがいい) and the ない-form for 'you'd better not' (行かないほうがいい). Learn the forms and nuance.

Once this clicks, go on to

  • 〜たい · N5〜たい attaches to a verb stem to say what you want to do. Learn the formation, why it conjugates like an i-adjective, the が/を switch, how to talk about other people's wants (たがる), and see 12 examples.

Hear it in a real conversation

See this pattern used naturally in a real-situation dialogue:

More N5 grammar to explore

Keep going with related patterns at the same level:

  • 〜より / 〜のほうがより means 'than' and のほうが marks the bigger side: BよりAのほうが高い = 'A is taller than B.' Learn both frames, how to answer どちらが questions, and word order.
  • 〜でしょう / 〜だろうでしょう means 'probably' and, with a rising tone, 'right?'. Learn how it attaches to verbs, adjectives, and nouns, its casual form だろう, and why forecasts love it.
  • 〜けど / 〜がけど and が join two clauses to mean 'but' or 'although': 高いけど買う. が is more formal, けど is conversational. Learn both, plus the polite softener use (すみませんが…).
  • 〜がほしいほしい expresses wanting a thing (a noun): 〜がほしい. Learn the formation, the が particle, the 〜てほしい variant ('want someone to do'), and how it differs from 〜たい.
  • 〜てみたい〜てみたい means you want to try doing something: 日本に行ってみたい. Learn how it combines 〜てみる ('try doing') and 〜たい ('want'), plus how to conjugate it.